The vehicle
Chevrolet Impala
Thirty-two entries across twenty-four Michigan tests: the rear-drive 350 V8 Impala from 1978 to 1985, and the front-drive V6 Impala from 2000 to 2016. Two different cars under one name.
The Chevrolet Impala police car is in the Michigan State Police tests in two separate runs. From 1978 to 1985 it was a rear-drive sedan with the 350 V8. Then it disappears for fourteen years, while Chevrolet’s police sedans in the books were the Caprice, the Celebrity and the Lumina. It comes back in 2000 as a front-drive V6 sedan, entered as the Caprice’s replacement, and stays until 2016.
In short
- 1978: in the first full book held here, “a very close second” to the Plymouth Fury.
- 1980: eliminated from the bid for missing Michigan’s minimum acceleration requirements, one of the six vehicles that the documents held here name as thrown out.
- 1982: the highest published total score, with the lowest top speed of the V8s except the Fairmont.
- 2006 to 2011: the front-drive Impala recorded a higher top speed than every Ford sedan in every test, 138 to 142 mph (every car in these tests had a speed limiter).
- Its best figures: 150 mph (2012, 2015 and 2016), 7.10 seconds to 60 and 17.60 to 100 (the E85 car of 2012).
Every test
The principal Impala each year. The six-cylinder, Canadian and E85 versions are in the full list below. Shaded rows are the front-drive car.
| Year | Vehicle | 0–60 s | 0–100 s | Top mph | 60–0 ft | Lap s |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1978 | Impala | 10.78 | 33.70 | 115.4 | 159.1 | 92.74old course |
| 1980 | Impala † | 12.96 | 46.16 | 110.4 | 163.4 | 92.85old course |
| 1981 | Impala 350 | 11.93 | 39.98 | 113.8 | 145.5 | 90.72old course |
| 1982 | Impala 350 | 12.74 | 45.79 | 107.8 | 161.4 | 92.04old course |
| 1983 | Impala 350 | 11.67 | 42.51 | 115.0 | 166.8 | 92.21old course |
| 1984 | Impala 350 | 10.30 | 37.18 | 116.4 | 146.8 | 89.97old course |
| 1985 | Impala 350 | – | 42.24 ‡ | 114.3 | 149.4 | 90.82old course |
| 1986 to 1999 — no Impala; Chevrolet’s sedans in these books are the Caprice, the Celebrity and the Lumina | ||||||
| 2000 | Impala | 8.99 | 24.92 | 124.0 | 142.7 | 85.49old course |
| 2001 | Impala | 9.20 | 25.40 | 124.0 | 140.8 | 103.59 |
| 2002 | Impala | 9.21 | 26.27 | 124.0 | 148.6 | 104.65 |
| 2003 | Impala | 9.25 | 26.73 | 126.0 | 133.0 | 104.25 |
| 2004 | Impala | 9.00 | 26.42 | 123.0 | 134.2 | 104.70 |
| 2005 | Impala | 8.76 | 25.29 | 123.0 | 136.3 | 104.74 |
| 2006 | Impala 9C1 3.9L | 8.83 | 23.58 | 142.0 | 142.4 § | 104.10 |
| 2007 | Impala 9C1 3.9L | 8.82 | 24.11 | 139.0 | 140.5 | 102.95 |
| 2008 | Impala 9C1 3.9L | 8.24 | 21.68 | 142.0 | 143.2 | 103.46 |
| 2009 | Impala 9C1 3.9L | 8.37 | 22.22 | 139.0 | – ¶ | 102.25 |
| 2010 | Impala 9C1 3.9L | 8.53 | 22.99 | 139.0 | 143.9 | 103.87 |
| 2011 | Impala 9C1 3.9L | 8.78 | 23.74 | 138.0 | 139.8 | 102.78 |
| 2012 | Impala 9C1 3.6L | 7.46 | 18.72 | 149.0 | 132.6 | 99.78 |
| 2013 | Impala 9C1 3.6L | 7.22 | 18.29 | 149.0 | 135.4 | 100.42 |
| 2014 | Impala 3.6L | 7.67 | 19.40 | 149.0 | 134.5 | 100.10 |
| 2015 | Impala 3.6L | 7.70 | 19.71 | 150.0 | 134.8 | 100.69 |
| 2016 | Impala 3.6L FWD | 7.81 | 19.45 | 150.0 | 135.9 | 101.99 |
| 2017 onward — no Impala in the books held here | ||||||
† Eliminated from the 1980 full-size bid for failing the minimum acceleration requirements; its acceleration and top-speed figures are a re-test, run after an extra spare tyre was found in its trunk; its braking figure is from the first session, with the spare still aboard. ‡ 1985: the scoring sheet, the only results document held for that year, prints one acceleration figure per car without saying which interval; it is shown as 0–100 because the specification’s acceleration category is 0–100. § 2006: braking retest (see below). ¶ 2009: the book prints one Impala brake sheet, for the E85 car, with a projected 144.2 feet; it is in the full list below.
Every Impala entry, 32 in all
| Year | Vehicle (as listed) | Engine | 0–60 s | Top mph | 60–0 ft |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1978 | Impala | 350 4bbl | 10.78 | 115.4 | 159.1 |
| 1980 | Impala † | 350-4V | 12.96 | 110.4 | 163.4 |
| 1981 | Impala 350 | 350-4V | 11.93 | 113.8 | 145.5 |
| 1982 | Impala 350 | 350-4V | 12.74 | 107.8 | 161.4 |
| 1983 | Impala (6-cyl) | 229-2V | 17.40 | 104.3 | – |
| 1983 | Impala (Canadian) | 350-4V | 11.03 | 107.1 | – |
| 1983 | Impala 350 | 350-4V | 11.67 | 115.0 | 166.8 |
| 1984 | Impala (6-cyl) | 229-2V | 18.57 | 101.0 | – |
| 1984 | Impala 350 | 350-4V | 10.30 | 116.4 | 146.8 |
| 1985 | Impala 350 | 350-4V | – | 114.3 | 149.4 |
| 2000 | Impala | 8.99 | 124.0 | 142.7 | |
| 2001 | Impala | 9.20 | 124.0 | 140.8 | |
| 2002 | Impala | 9.21 | 124.0 | 148.6 | |
| 2003 | Impala | 9.25 | 126.0 | 133.0 | |
| 2004 | Impala | 9.00 | 123.0 | 134.2 | |
| 2005 | Impala | 3.8L V6 | 8.76 | 123.0 | 136.3 |
| 2006 | Impala 9C1 3.9L | 8.83 | 142.0 | 142.4 | |
| 2007 | Impala 9C1 3.9L | 8.82 | 139.0 | 140.5 | |
| 2008 | Impala 9C1 3.9L | 8.24 | 142.0 | 143.2 | |
| 2008 | Impala 9C1 3.9L (E85) | 8.28 | 141.0 | – | |
| 2009 | Impala 9C1 3.9L | 8.37 | 139.0 | – | |
| 2009 | Impala 9C1 3.9L (E85) | 8.59 | 140.0 | 144.2 | |
| 2010 | Impala 9C1 3.9L | 8.53 | 139.0 | 143.9 | |
| 2010 | Impala 9C1 3.9L (E85) | 8.72 | 139.0 | – | |
| 2011 | Impala 9C1 3.9L | 8.78 | 138.0 | 139.8 | |
| 2011 | Impala 9C1 3.9L (E85) | 8.68 | 139.0 | – | |
| 2012 | Impala 9C1 3.6L | 7.46 | 149.0 | 132.6 | |
| 2012 | Impala 9C1 3.6L (E85) | 7.10 | 150.0 | – | |
| 2013 | Impala 9C1 3.6L | 7.22 | 149.0 | 135.4 | |
| 2014 | Impala 3.6L | 7.67 | 149.0 | 134.5 | |
| 2015 | Impala 3.6L | 7.70 | 150.0 | 134.8 | |
| 2016 | Impala 3.6L FWD | 7.81 | 150.0 | 135.9 |
The 1983 and 1984 six-cylinder cars and the 1983 Canadian-market Impala have acceleration and top-speed figures only. The E85 cars of 2008 to 2012 were run beside their petrol versions.
The V8 Impala, 1978 to 1985
- 1978. The book names the Plymouth Fury as its top-rated car: “The Chevrolet Impala finished a very close second, followed by the Pontiac Catalina and the Dodge Monaco.”
- 1980. Michigan found an extra spare tyre left in the Impala’s trunk after its first runs and re-ran its acceleration and top speed. In the re-test it missed the 80 and 100 mph minimums, and the preface records that “the Buick LeSabre and Chevrolet Impala were eliminated from the bid process on full-size vehicles”. It ran 110.4 mph.
- 1981. Of the four full-size cars in the bid it was the quickest to 60 and 100 mph and the quickest on the road course, and the slowest on top speed, at 113.8 mph. Its adjusted bid was second to the Gran Fury’s.
- 1982. At 107.8 mph it had the lowest top speed of the V8s except the Fairmont, and it took the highest published total score.
- 1983. Last of the five cars scored. A six-cylinder Impala and a Canadian-market Impala 350 were also tested; the Canadian car was quicker to 60 and to 100, and reached 107.1 mph, after which, the book says, its speed fell away because of mechanical difficulties.
- 1984. Second of the four cars scored, and the quickest of them to 60, at 10.30 seconds. Its 116.4 mph is the fastest of any rear-drive Impala in these books.
- 1985. Of the test itself, only the scoring sheet is held. The Impala had the best ergonomics and communications total and the best fuel economy of the four cars on it, and the slowest top speed, 114.3 mph; its total score was the weakest of the four.
The front-drive Impala, 2000 to 2016
The 2000 bulletin brings the Impala back as a front-drive sedan with a 200-horsepower 3.8-litre V6, entered as the replacement for the Caprice, which it says was discontinued after the 1996 model year. It reached 60 in 8.99 seconds and ran 124 mph, slower than the Ford Police Interceptor; but its ergonomics and communications total, 213.75, was a fraction ahead of the Ford’s 213.58.
From 2000 to 2005 the Ford Police Interceptor was faster on top in every test (in 2004 and 2005, the version with the 3.27 axle; the 3.55-axle car was slower than the Impala). Then the order reversed. In 2006 the Impala ran 142 mph, past the 1994 Caprice’s 141.2, and from 2006 to 2011 it was faster on top than every Ford sedan in every test. These are top speeds with limiters fitted: the 2000 bulletin says the Police Interceptor “features a 130-mph speed limiter”, the 2001 and 2002 books mark the Impala and the Fords as limited, the 2003 bulletin says Chevrolet raised the Impala’s “fuel cut-off” to 129 mph, and from 2003 the documents state limiters for the whole field (see speed limiters).
The 2006 braking figures are a retest, and the book says why: “During Saturday’s Brake Testing the Chevrolet Impala did not make MSP’s minimum deceleration qualification for braking.” Chevrolet then found “a calibration error in the ABS software on the test vehicle”, and Michigan retested the car’s braking only.
From 2008 to 2012 Michigan also tested an E85 Impala beside the petrol car; there were no E85 vehicles in the 2013 test. The 2012 car brought a 3.6-litre V6 and reached 100 mph in 18.72 seconds, against 23.74 for the 3.9 the year before; the E85 version ran 150 mph. From 2014 the books’ vehicle description pages call it the Impala Limited. The last one is in the 2016 book, and the 2017 book has none.
For six years a front-drive V6 Chevrolet recorded a higher top speed than the Crown Victoria Police Interceptor in every Michigan test.
Recognising one: what the books record
What Chevrolet gave Michigan to test, from the books’ own vehicle description pages. It shows what the police Impala had in those years, not what any particular car left the factory with.
| Books | Name in the book | Sales code | Horsepower | Gearbox, axle |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2001–2005 | Impala; Impala 9C1 from 2002 | 1WF19 (2001, 2002, 2005) | 200, 3.8 litres (2001, 2002, 2005) | 4T65E, 3.29 (2001, 2002, 2005) |
| 2006–2011 | Impala 9C1 | 1W519 (2006); 1WS19 from 2007 | 240 (2006, 2008); 233 (2007, 2009–2011) | 4T65E, 3.29 |
| 2012–2016 | Impala 9C1; Impala Limited (9C1) from 2014 | 1WS19 | 302, 3.6 litres | 6T70 (2012–2014), 2.44 |
The 2006 book gives the engine as 3.9 litres in its tables and as 3.8 litres (231 cubic inches) on its description page. 9C1 is Chevrolet’s police package code, explained on the option codes page. What the books cannot tell you is whether a particular car was built as one; the method is on how to identify a genuine police package car.
Where it sits in the record
| Figure | Vehicle | Year |
|---|---|---|
| 150 mph, fastest | Impala 9C1 3.6L (E85); Impala 3.6L | 2012, 2015, 2016 |
| 7.10 s to 60, 17.60 s to 100, quickest | Impala 9C1 3.6L (E85) | 2012 |
| 132.6 ft, shortest stop, twenty-stop procedure | Impala 9C1 3.6L | 2012 |
| 133.0 ft, shortest stop, twelve-stop procedure | Impala | 2003 |
| 99.78 s, best lap average at Grattan | Impala 9C1 3.6L | 2012 |
